A sentence is a group of words arranged in the correct order to express a complete thought. To be meaningful, every sentence should follow the basic rules of English grammar.
2.1 Subject and Predicate
Every complete sentence consists of two essential parts: the Subject and the Predicate.
Subject
The subject tells us who or what the sentence is about. It may be a person, place, animal, thing or idea.
Examples
She is reading a novel.
The children are playing in the park.
My brother lives in Kochi.
The moon shines brightly at night.
Predicate
The predicate tells us something about the subject. It always contains a verb and explains what the subject does, is, or has.
Examples
She is reading a novel.
The children are playing in the park.
My brother lives in Kochi.
The moon shines brightly at night.
Remember
Every complete sentence must contain both a subject and a predicate.
The predicate always includes a verb.
❌ Running very fast.
✔ The athlete is running very fast.
2.2 Types of Sentences
Sentences can be grouped according to the purpose for which they are used.
2.2.1 Declarative Sentence (Statement)
A declarative sentence simply states a fact, opinion or piece of information.
Used for
Giving information
Expressing opinions
Stating facts
Examples
She teaches English.
Water boils at 100°C.
I enjoy reading novels.
They live in Thrissur.
Ends with: Full Stop (.)
2.2.2 Interrogative Sentence (Question)
An interrogative sentence is used to ask a question.
Used for
Seeking information
Asking doubts or clarification
Examples
Where do you live?
What is your favourite subject?
Are you ready?
Did they arrive on time?
Ends with: Question Mark (?)
2.2.3 Imperative Sentence (Command / Request)
An imperative sentence is used to give commands, requests, advice or instructions.
Used for
Giving orders
Making requests
Offering advice
Giving directions
Examples
Close the gate.
Please wait here.
Always speak the truth.
Turn right at the junction.
Usually ends with: Full Stop (.)
May end with: Exclamation Mark (!) for strong commands.
2.2.4 Exclamatory Sentence (Strong Emotion)
An exclamatory sentence expresses intense feelings such as joy, surprise, sorrow, fear or excitement.
Used for
Expressing happiness
Showing surprise
Expressing sorrow
Displaying excitement
Examples
What a wonderful performance!
How beautiful the rainbow is!
Alas! We lost the match.
What an amazing idea!
Ends with: Exclamation Mark (!)
Quick Revision
✔ Subject → tells who or what the sentence is about.
✔ Predicate → tells what the subject does or what is said about it.
Types of Sentences
Declarative → Gives information or states a fact.
Interrogative → Asks a question.
Imperative → Gives a command, request or advice.
Exclamatory → Expresses strong feelings.
Easy Memory Tip
Every sentence has two important parts—a Subject and a Predicate—and every sentence is written with a specific purpose.
1.PARTS OF SPEECH 2. SENTENCE STRUCTURE 3.TENSES 4.SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT 5.ARTICLES AND DETERMINERS 6.VOICE-ACTIVE & PASSIVE 7.DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH 8.PUNCTUATION 9.CLAUSES AND PHRASES 10.MODALS