Active & Passive -Page 71

🔄 Active Voice and Passive Voice

Simple and Detailed Notes

👤 What is Active Voice?

In Active Voice, the subject does the action.

Subject + Verb + Object

Examples:

• Riya writes a letter.
• The teacher praised the students.
• My father repaired the bike.

🎯 What is Passive Voice?

In Passive Voice, the subject receives the action. The focus is on the action or the person or thing affected by it.

Object + Form of “Be” + V³ + by + Subject

Examples:

• A letter is written by Riya.
• The students were praised by the teacher.
• The bike was repaired by my father.

🚲 My bike was stolen.
The doer is not known.

📊 Active and Passive Voice

Active Voice	Passive Voice
Focuses on the doer.	Focuses on the action or receiver.
The subject does the action.	The subject receives the action.
Subject + Verb + Object	Object + Be + V³ + by + Subject

💡 When Do We Use Passive Voice?

• When the doer is unknown.
• When the doer is not important.
• When the action is more important.
• When we want to sound more polite.

Direct:
You made a mistake.

Polite:
A mistake was made.

✅ How to Change Active into Passive

1. Find the object.
2. Make the object the new subject.
3. Use the correct form of be.
4. Change the verb into the past participle, V³.
5. Add by + subject, when needed.
6. Do not change the tense or meaning.

Active: The teacher teaches English.
Passive: English is taught by the teacher.

↩️ How to Change Passive into Active

1. Find the doer after by.
2. Make the doer the subject.
3. Change the verb into the correct active form.
4. Move the passive subject to the object position.

Passive: The match was won by India.
Active: India won the match.

📚 Common Tense Changes

Tense	Active Voice	Passive Voice
Simple Present	She writes a letter.	A letter is written by her.
Simple Past	She wrote a letter.	A letter was written by her.
Simple Future	She will write a letter.	A letter will be written by her.
Present Continuous	She is writing a letter.	A letter is being written by her.
Present Perfect	She has written a letter.	A letter has been written by her.
Modal Verb	She can write a letter.	A letter can be written by her.

🌟 Points to Remember

• Only sentences with an object can usually be changed into passive voice.
• The tense must not change.
• Use the third form of the main verb.
• Use by only when the doer is important.
• The meaning of the sentence should remain the same.

Active Voice tells us who does the action. Passive Voice tells us what happens to the receiver of the action.

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